Main Page: Difference between revisions

Line 214:

A ''Hikmah comparative cluster'' is a group of religious, philosophical, mythic, cultural, or symbolic terms that Hikmah Islam interprets as converging upon, approximating, or partially expressing a rational entailment. These clusters are part of the framework's comparative method. They do not assert that all terms in a cluster have the same historical origin, doctrinal use, or communal meaning.

=== 1) Phenomenal consciousness ===

''Gnōthi seauton • Knowing soul • Maʿrifat al-nafs • Reflexive recognition • Self-awareness • Subjective experience • Self-knowledge • Witnessing self''

~~=== 1) Alethic realism ===~~

Since contemplation begins from the undeniable presence of experience, phenomenal consciousness is the first datum from which the architecture proceeds. the subjective, first-person "what it is like" experience of being alive, encompassing feelings, sensations, and perceptions like seeing color or feeling pain

=== 2) ~~Epistemic~~ realism ===

=== 2) Alethic realism ===

~~=== 3) Epistemic capacity ===~~

Since phenomenal consciousness distinguishes between appearance, assertion, denial, error, and correction, the distinction between truth and falsehood is derived. asserting that the truth of beliefs, statements, or propositions is objective and determined by whether the world actually is as that statement claims, rather than depending on human minds.

~~ʿAql • Buddhi • Discernment • Higher Mind • Light of Intelligence • Ratio Rationality Reason • Logos • Noetic Faculty • Nous • Understanding~~

=== 3) Epistemic realism ===

~~=== 4) Cognitive–affective–conative triad ===~~

Since truth and falsehood are real distinctions, it is possible to know truth or at least approach it, hence Epistemic realism.

~~Hierarchy of faculties • Trilogy of mind • Tripartite soul~~

=== 4) Epistemic capacity ===

=== 5) ~~Rational self-governance~~ ===

''ʿAql • Buddhi • Discernment • Higher Mind • Light of Intelligence • Ratio Rationality Reason • Logos • Noetic Faculty • Nous • Understanding''

Since it is possible to know truth or at least approach it, the human being must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible, hence Epistemic capacity.

=== 5) Cognitive–affective–conative triad ===

''Hierarchy of faculties • Trilogy of mind • Tripartite soul''

~~Ḥākimiyyah al-ʿAql • Primacy~~ of ~~intellect • Siyādat al-ʿAql • Sovereignty~~ of ~~intellect • Superiority of intellect~~

Since the human being must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible (Epistemic capacity), and since this capacity and other capacities, such as feeling and intention, are not identical (Law of identity), the human being is essentially composed of cognition (thinking), affect (feeling), and conation (doing), hence the Cognitive–affective–conative triad.

=== 6) ~~Phenomenal consciousness~~ ===

=== 6) Noetic discernment ===

~~Gnōthi seauton • Knowing soul • Maʿrifat al-nafs • Reflexive recognition • Self-awareness • Subjective experience • Self-~~knowledge ~~• Witnessing self~~

Since the human being is essentially composed of the Cognitive–affective–conative triad, and since it must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible (Epistemic capacity), that capacity is the intellect, hence Noetic discernment.

=== 7) Epistemological rationalism ===

Since intellect is the truth-discerning capacity (Noetic discernment), reason is treated as the primary method of judgement, correction, and justification, hence Epistemological rationalism.

=== 8) Metaphysical rationalism ===

=== 9) Foundationalism ===

Since intellect can know reality (Epistemological rationalism), reality itself is derived as intelligible rather than ultimately chaotic, arbitrary, or opaque to reason, hence Metaphysical rationalism.

=== 9) Principle of sufficient reason

Since reality is intelligible (Metaphysical rationalism), every being, event, claim, and distinction must be answerable to explanation rather than accepted as brute assertion, hence the Principle of sufficient reason.

=== 10) Foundationalism ===

Since explanation cannot regress indefinitely without grounding (Principle of sufficient reason), inquiry is directed toward first principles, hence Foundationalism.

=== 11) Epistemic parsimony ===

~~=== 10~~) Epistemic parsimony ~~===~~

Since inquiry seeks grounded explanation (Principle of sufficient reason and Foundationalism), assumptions should not be multiplied beyond necessity, hence Epistemic parsimony.

=== 11) Ontological parsimony ===

=== 12) Ontological parsimony ===

~~=== 12~~) ~~Analytic idealism ===~~

Since unnecessary assumptions should be avoided (Epistemic parsimony), ultimate entities, substances, and principles should not be multiplied beyond necessity, hence Ontological parsimony.

~~Primacy of [[Consciousness]]~~

=== 13) Ontological priority ===

=== 14) Gradation of consciousness ===

Since some realities explain others more basically than they are explained by them (Epistemic parsimony and Ontological parsimony), reality is ordered according to what is fundamental and what is derivative, hence Ontological priority.

=== 14) Non-reductive consciousness ===

Since consciousness is the condition under which all objects, methods, and explanations appear (Phenomenal consciousness), and since ultimate entities, substances, and principles should not be multiplied beyond necessity (Ontological parsimony), consciousness cannot be treated merely as one ordinary object among others, hence Non-reductive consciousness.

=== 15) Priority of consciousness ===

''Primacy of [[Consciousness]]''

Since consciousness is the first datum and the condition of intelligibility (Phenomenal consciousness), consciousness is treated as prior in explanation to what appears within it, hence the Priority of consciousness.

=== 16) Analytic idealism ===

Since consciousness is prior and ontological parsimony rejects unnecessary non-conscious substrates, reality is derived as fundamentally consciousness or consciousness-dependent, hence Analytic idealism.

=== 17) Gradation of consciousness ===

Gradation of existence • Gradation of reality • Tashkīk al-wujūd

=== 15) Meta-Consciousness ===

Since consciousness is fundamental (Analytic idealism) and yet appears in different degrees of clarity, integration, agency, and intensity, consciousness is understood as gradational, hence Gradation of consciousness.

=== 18) Gradation of existence ===

Since consciousness and existence are not finally separable, the gradation of consciousness entails a gradational account of existence itself.

=== 19) Meta-Consciousness ===

''Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Bahā • Brahman • Dao • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Necessary Existent • Necessary Existentiator • Necessary Reality • Pure Consciousness • Shangdi • Tao • The Divine • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-Wujūd''

Since graded consciousness requires an ultimate ground of consciousness, intelligibility, existence, and value, Meta-Consciousness is derived as the highest and unconditioned reality.

=== 20) Necessary simplicity ===

''Al-Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine simplicity • Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd''

Since the ultimate ground cannot depend on parts, composition, conditions, or external causes, Meta-Consciousness is derived as necessary and simple.

=== 21) Absolute necessary simplicity ===

Since any residual composition would introduce dependence into the ultimate ground, the necessary source is derived as absolutely simple.

Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Bahā • Brahman • Dao • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Necessary Existent • Necessary Existentiator • Necessary Reality • Pure Consciousness • Shangdi • Tao • The Divine • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-Wujūd • Yahweh

=== 22) Necessitarianism ===

~~=== 16) Necessary simplicity ===~~

''ʿAdl • Divine justice''

Al-~~Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine~~ simplicity ~~• Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd~~

Since the absolutely simple source (Meta-Consciousness) lacks unrealised potential, external compulsion, and arbitrary change (Absolute necessary simplicity), what proceeds from it proceeds necessarily, hence Necessitarianism.

=== 17) ~~Absolute necessary simplicity~~ ===

=== 23) Atemporality ===

=== 18) ~~Conscientiation ex conscientia~~ ===

Since necessary procession from an unchanging source admits no waiting, delay, before, after, or unrealised future (Necessitarianism), the ultimate level of reality is derived as atemporal, hence Atemporality.

=== 24) Eternalism ===

~~Badā~~'~~a • Cosmic unfolding • Creatio ex deo •~~ Creation • ~~Divine command • Effusion Emanation • Fayḍ • Manifestation • Origination • Procession • Tajallī~~

''[[Eternal Creation]] •''

~~=== 19) Necessitarianism ===~~

Since temporality belongs to the manifested order rather than to the ultimate source, all moments within the temporal order are treated as equally real rather than as coming into being one by one, hence Eternalism.

~~ʿAdl • Divine justice~~

=== 25) Rule of one ===

~~=== 20~~) ~~Eternalism ===~~

Since absolute unity (Absolute necessary simplicity) cannot directly produce unmediated plurality, the first dependent reality proceeding from the One must itself be one, hence the Rule of one.

~~[[Eternal Creation]] •~~

=== 26) First conscientiate ===

~~=== 21) Rule~~ of ~~one ===~~

''First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect''

~~=== 22~~) First conscientiate~~===~~

Since the first dependent reality proceeds most immediately from Meta-Consciousness (Rule of one), it is derived as the highest derivative consciousness, hence the First conscientiate.

First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect

=== 27) Intermediary conscientiates ===

~~=== 23) Intermediary conscientiates ===~~

''Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika''

~~Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika~~

Since unmediated plurality cannot proceed directly from absolute unity (Rule of one), graded intermediary conscientiates are derived as mediating levels between the first conscientiate and fragmented multiplicity.

=== 24) Observable universe ===

=== 28) Observable universe ===

Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe

''Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe''

Since the descent of consciousness (Gradation of consciousness and Gradation of existence) reaches a level of maximal individuation and fragmentation, the observable universe is derived as the empirical domain in which unity appears as multiplicity and being appears as becoming.

=== 29) Physical empiricism ===

''Empirical method • Scientific method''

Since the observable universe appears through measurable regularities, knowledge of that domain is derived through observation, experiment, and empirical science, hence Physical empiricism.

=== 30) B-theory of time ===

''Tenseless theory of time''

Since temporal becoming belongs to the perspective of fragmented consciousness within the observable universe, time is derived as an ordered structure of events rather than as an objectively moving present, hence the B-theory of time.

=== 31) Determinism ===

Since events follow necessarily from their causes (Necessitarianism) and the temporal order is already real as a whole (B-theory of time), future events are derived as determined rather than metaphysically open alternatives, hence Determinism.

=== 32) Compatibilism ===

''Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism''

Since future events are determined rather than metaphysically open alternatives (Determinism), and since desire, intention, deliberation, and will are themselves real parts of the causal order, agency is derived as compatible with determinism rather than cancelled by it, hence Compatibilism.

=== 33) Perdurantism ===

Since persons exist across the temporal order as sequences of conscious states, desires, intentions, actions, and reactions, personal persistence is derived as temporal extension rather than mere present-moment endurance, hence Perdurantism.

=== 34) Axiological realism ===

Since personal persistence is temporal extension rather than mere present-moment endurance (Perdurantism), and since reality is intelligible (Metaphysical rationalism), and consciousness admits higher and lower degrees of integration and perfection (Gradation of consciousness), values of conscious states, desires, intentions, actions, and reactions are real rather than merely subjective preferences, hence Axiological realism.

=== 35) Sentient moral considerability ===

Since consciousness is fundamental (Analytic idealism) and value is real (Axiological realism), sentient beings are morally considerable in proportion to their capacity for experience, flourishing, suffering, development, and degradation, hence Sentient moral considerability.

=== 36) Perfectionist moral naturalism ===

Since value concerns the development or damage of conscious beings (Sentient moral considerability), good and bad are causal effects of actions, habits, institutions, and forms of life on flourishing, consciousness, order, and perfection, hence Perfectionist moral naturalism.

=== 37) Moral causality ===

Since actions and conditions develop or damage beings through intelligible cause and effect (Perfectionist moral naturalism), morality is derived as a causal order rather than as mere command, preference, or convention, hence Moral causality.

=== 38) Human nature perfectionism ===

Since moral value concerns development and degradation, the human being is derived as a conscious, rational, ethical, and transformable agent whose good lies in the perfection of its highest capacities, hence Human nature perfectionism.

=== 39) Relational personhood ===

The human being is constituted, perfected, and obligated through relations with others, and that humanity forms a single moral community rather than a collection of isolated individuals. Since human development depends on recognition, care, language, community, formation, and obligation, personhood is derived as relational rather than isolated.

=== 5) Rational self-governance ===

Ḥākimiyyah al-ʿAql • Primacy of intellect • Siyādat al-ʿAql • Sovereignty of intellect • Superiority of intellect

=== 18) Conscientiation ex conscientia ===

Badā'a • Cosmic unfolding • Creatio ex deo • Creation • Divine command • Effusion Emanation • Fayḍ • Manifestation • Origination • Procession • Tajallī

~~=== 25) B-theory of time ===~~

~~Tenseless theory of time~~

~~=== 26) Compatibilism ===~~

~~Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism~~

~~=== 27) Perdurantism ===~~

~~=== 28) Physical empiricism ===~~

~~Empirical method • Scientific method~~

=== 29) Value realism ===

~~=== 30) Perfectionist moral naturalism ===~~

~~=== 31) Human nature perfectionism ===~~

=== 32) Preservation of cognitive health ===

Line 358:

Line 476:

The acquisition, realisation, or grasp of what is actually the case. It includes accurate perception, valid inference, scientific discovery, moral realisation, strategic understanding, and revelatory or mystical unveiling insofar as the content disclosed genuinely corresponds to reality.

~~=== 45) Relational personhood ===~~

~~The human being is constituted, perfected, and obligated through relations with others, and that humanity forms a single moral community rather than a collection of isolated individuals.~~

=== 46) Cognitive differentiation ===

@@ Line 214: / Line 214: @@
 A ''Hikmah comparative cluster'' is a group of religious, philosophical, mythic, cultural, or symbolic terms that Hikmah Islam interprets as converging upon, approximating, or partially expressing a rational entailment. These clusters are part of the framework's comparative method. They do not assert that all terms in a cluster have the same historical origin, doctrinal use, or communal meaning.
+=== 1) Phenomenal consciousness ===
+''Gnōthi seauton • Knowing soul • Maʿrifat al-nafs • Reflexive recognition • Self-awareness • Subjective experience • Self-knowledge • Witnessing self''
-=== 1) Alethic realism ===
+Since contemplation begins from the undeniable presence of experience, phenomenal consciousness is the first datum from which the architecture proceeds. the subjective, first-person "what it is like" experience of being alive, encompassing feelings, sensations, and perceptions like seeing color or feeling pain
-=== 2) Epistemic realism ===
+=== 2) Alethic realism ===
-=== 3) Epistemic capacity ===
+Since phenomenal consciousness distinguishes between appearance, assertion, denial, error, and correction, the distinction between truth and falsehood is derived. asserting that the truth of beliefs, statements, or propositions is objective and determined by whether the world actually is as that statement claims, rather than depending on human minds.
-ʿAql • Buddhi • Discernment • Higher Mind • Light of Intelligence • Ratio Rationality Reason • Logos • Noetic Faculty • Nous • Understanding
+=== 3) Epistemic realism ===
-=== 4) Cognitive–affective–conative triad ===
+Since truth and falsehood are real distinctions, it is possible to know truth or at least approach it, hence Epistemic realism.
-Hierarchy of faculties • Trilogy of mind • Tripartite soul
+=== 4) Epistemic capacity ===
-=== 5) Rational self-governance ===
+''ʿAql • Buddhi • Discernment • Higher Mind • Light of Intelligence • Ratio Rationality Reason • Logos • Noetic Faculty • Nous • Understanding''
+Since it is possible to know truth or at least approach it, the human being must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible, hence Epistemic capacity.
+=== 5) Cognitive–affective–conative triad ===
+''Hierarchy of faculties • Trilogy of mind • Tripartite soul''
-Ḥākimiyyah al-ʿAql • Primacy of intellect • Siyādat al-ʿAql • Sovereignty of intellect • Superiority of intellect
+Since the human being must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible (Epistemic capacity), and since this capacity and other capacities, such as feeling and intention, are not identical (Law of identity), the human being is essentially composed of cognition (thinking), affect (feeling), and conation (doing), hence the Cognitive–affective–conative triad.
-=== 6) Phenomenal consciousness ===
+=== 6) Noetic discernment ===
-Gnōthi seauton • Knowing soul • Maʿrifat al-nafs • Reflexive recognition • Self-awareness • Subjective experience • Self-knowledge • Witnessing self
+Since the human being is essentially composed of the Cognitive–affective–conative triad, and since it must possess a capacity by which knowledge, judgement, and discernment are possible (Epistemic capacity), that capacity is the intellect, hence Noetic discernment.
 === 7) Epistemological rationalism ===
+Since intellect is the truth-discerning capacity (Noetic discernment), reason is treated as the primary method of judgement, correction, and justification, hence Epistemological rationalism.
 === 8) Metaphysical rationalism ===
-=== 9) Foundationalism ===
+Since intellect can know reality (Epistemological rationalism), reality itself is derived as intelligible rather than ultimately chaotic, arbitrary, or opaque to reason, hence Metaphysical rationalism.
+=== 9) Principle of sufficient reason
+Since reality is intelligible (Metaphysical rationalism), every being, event, claim, and distinction must be answerable to explanation rather than accepted as brute assertion, hence the Principle of sufficient reason.
+=== 10) Foundationalism ===
+Since explanation cannot regress indefinitely without grounding (Principle of sufficient reason), inquiry is directed toward first principles, hence Foundationalism.
+=== 11) Epistemic parsimony ===
-=== 10) Epistemic parsimony ===
+Since inquiry seeks grounded explanation (Principle of sufficient reason and Foundationalism), assumptions should not be multiplied beyond necessity, hence Epistemic parsimony.
-=== 11) Ontological parsimony ===
+=== 12) Ontological parsimony ===
-=== 12) Analytic idealism ===
+Since unnecessary assumptions should be avoided (Epistemic parsimony), ultimate entities, substances, and principles should not be multiplied beyond necessity, hence Ontological parsimony.
-Primacy of [[Consciousness]]
 === 13) Ontological priority ===
-=== 14) Gradation of consciousness ===
+Since some realities explain others more basically than they are explained by them (Epistemic parsimony and Ontological parsimony), reality is ordered according to what is fundamental and what is derivative, hence Ontological priority.
+=== 14) Non-reductive consciousness ===
+Since consciousness is the condition under which all objects, methods, and explanations appear (Phenomenal consciousness), and since ultimate entities, substances, and principles should not be multiplied beyond necessity (Ontological parsimony), consciousness cannot be treated merely as one ordinary object among others, hence Non-reductive consciousness.
+=== 15) Priority of consciousness ===
+''Primacy of [[Consciousness]]''
+Since consciousness is the first datum and the condition of intelligibility (Phenomenal consciousness), consciousness is treated as prior in explanation to what appears within it, hence the Priority of consciousness.
+=== 16) Analytic idealism ===
+Since consciousness is prior and ontological parsimony rejects unnecessary non-conscious substrates, reality is derived as fundamentally consciousness or consciousness-dependent, hence Analytic idealism.
+=== 17) Gradation of consciousness ===
 Gradation of existence • Gradation of reality • Tashkīk al-wujūd
-=== 15) Meta-Consciousness ===
+Since consciousness is fundamental (Analytic idealism) and yet appears in different degrees of clarity, integration, agency, and intensity, consciousness is understood as gradational, hence Gradation of consciousness.
+=== 18) Gradation of existence ===
+Since consciousness and existence are not finally separable, the gradation of consciousness entails a gradational account of existence itself.
+=== 19) Meta-Consciousness ===
+''Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Bahā • Brahman • Dao • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Necessary Existent • Necessary Existentiator • Necessary Reality • Pure Consciousness • Shangdi • Tao • The Divine • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-Wujūd''
+Since graded consciousness requires an ultimate ground of consciousness, intelligibility, existence, and value, Meta-Consciousness is derived as the highest and unconditioned reality.
+=== 20) Necessary simplicity ===
+''Al-Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine simplicity • Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd''
+Since the ultimate ground cannot depend on parts, composition, conditions, or external causes, Meta-Consciousness is derived as necessary and simple.
+=== 21) Absolute necessary simplicity ===
+Since any residual composition would introduce dependence into the ultimate ground, the necessary source is derived as absolutely simple.
-Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Bahā • Brahman • Dao • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Necessary Existent • Necessary Existentiator • Necessary Reality • Pure Consciousness • Shangdi • Tao • The Divine • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-Wujūd • Yahweh
+=== 22) Necessitarianism ===
-=== 16) Necessary simplicity ===
+''ʿAdl • Divine justice''
-Al-Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine simplicity • Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd
+Since the absolutely simple source (Meta-Consciousness) lacks unrealised potential, external compulsion, and arbitrary change (Absolute necessary simplicity), what proceeds from it proceeds necessarily, hence Necessitarianism.
-=== 17) Absolute necessary simplicity ===
+=== 23) Atemporality ===
-=== 18) Conscientiation ex conscientia ===
+Since necessary procession from an unchanging source admits no waiting, delay, before, after, or unrealised future (Necessitarianism), the ultimate level of reality is derived as atemporal, hence Atemporality.
+=== 24) Eternalism ===
-Badā'a • Cosmic unfolding • Creatio ex deo • Creation • Divine command • Effusion Emanation • Fayḍ • Manifestation • Origination • Procession • Tajallī
+''[[Eternal Creation]] •''
-=== 19) Necessitarianism ===
+Since temporality belongs to the manifested order rather than to the ultimate source, all moments within the temporal order are treated as equally real rather than as coming into being one by one, hence Eternalism.
-ʿAdl • Divine justice
+=== 25) Rule of one ===
-=== 20) Eternalism ===
+Since absolute unity (Absolute necessary simplicity) cannot directly produce unmediated plurality, the first dependent reality proceeding from the One must itself be one, hence the Rule of one.
-[[Eternal Creation]] •
+=== 26) First conscientiate ===
-=== 21) Rule of one ===
+''First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect''
-=== 22) First conscientiate===
+Since the first dependent reality proceeds most immediately from Meta-Consciousness (Rule of one), it is derived as the highest derivative consciousness, hence the First conscientiate.
-First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect
+=== 27) Intermediary conscientiates ===
-=== 23) Intermediary conscientiates ===
+''Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika''
-Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika
+Since unmediated plurality cannot proceed directly from absolute unity (Rule of one), graded intermediary conscientiates are derived as mediating levels between the first conscientiate and fragmented multiplicity.
-=== 24) Observable universe ===
+=== 28) Observable universe ===
-Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe
+''Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe''
+Since the descent of consciousness (Gradation of consciousness and Gradation of existence) reaches a level of maximal individuation and fragmentation, the observable universe is derived as the empirical domain in which unity appears as multiplicity and being appears as becoming.
+=== 29) Physical empiricism ===
+''Empirical method • Scientific method''
+Since the observable universe appears through measurable regularities, knowledge of that domain is derived through observation, experiment, and empirical science, hence Physical empiricism.
+=== 30) B-theory of time ===
+''Tenseless theory of time''
+Since temporal becoming belongs to the perspective of fragmented consciousness within the observable universe, time is derived as an ordered structure of events rather than as an objectively moving present, hence the B-theory of time.
+=== 31) Determinism ===
+Since events follow necessarily from their causes (Necessitarianism) and the temporal order is already real as a whole (B-theory of time), future events are derived as determined rather than metaphysically open alternatives, hence Determinism.
+=== 32) Compatibilism ===
+''Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism''
+Since future events are determined rather than metaphysically open alternatives (Determinism), and since desire, intention, deliberation, and will are themselves real parts of the causal order, agency is derived as compatible with determinism rather than cancelled by it, hence Compatibilism.
+=== 33) Perdurantism ===
+Since persons exist across the temporal order as sequences of conscious states, desires, intentions, actions, and reactions, personal persistence is derived as temporal extension rather than mere present-moment endurance, hence Perdurantism.
+=== 34) Axiological realism ===
+Since personal persistence is temporal extension rather than mere present-moment endurance (Perdurantism), and since reality is intelligible (Metaphysical rationalism), and consciousness admits higher and lower degrees of integration and perfection (Gradation of consciousness), values of conscious states, desires, intentions, actions, and reactions are real rather than merely subjective preferences, hence Axiological realism.
+=== 35) Sentient moral considerability ===
+Since consciousness is fundamental (Analytic idealism) and value is real (Axiological realism), sentient beings are morally considerable in proportion to their capacity for experience, flourishing, suffering, development, and degradation, hence Sentient moral considerability.
+=== 36) Perfectionist moral naturalism ===
+Since value concerns the development or damage of conscious beings (Sentient moral considerability), good and bad are causal effects of actions, habits, institutions, and forms of life on flourishing, consciousness, order, and perfection, hence Perfectionist moral naturalism.
+=== 37) Moral causality ===
+Since actions and conditions develop or damage beings through intelligible cause and effect (Perfectionist moral naturalism), morality is derived as a causal order rather than as mere command, preference, or convention, hence Moral causality.
+=== 38) Human nature perfectionism ===
+Since moral value concerns development and degradation, the human being is derived as a conscious, rational, ethical, and transformable agent whose good lies in the perfection of its highest capacities, hence Human nature perfectionism.
+=== 39) Relational personhood ===
+The human being is constituted, perfected, and obligated through relations with others, and that humanity forms a single moral community rather than a collection of isolated individuals. Since human development depends on recognition, care, language, community, formation, and obligation, personhood is derived as relational rather than isolated.
+=== 5) Rational self-governance ===
+Ḥākimiyyah al-ʿAql • Primacy of intellect • Siyādat al-ʿAql • Sovereignty of intellect • Superiority of intellect
+=== 18) Conscientiation ex conscientia ===
+Badā'a • Cosmic unfolding • Creatio ex deo • Creation • Divine command • Effusion Emanation • Fayḍ • Manifestation • Origination • Procession • Tajallī
-=== 25) B-theory of time ===
-Tenseless theory of time
-=== 26) Compatibilism ===
-Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism
-=== 27) Perdurantism ===
-=== 28) Physical empiricism ===
-Empirical method • Scientific method
 === 29) Value realism ===
-=== 30) Perfectionist moral naturalism ===
-=== 31) Human nature perfectionism ===
 === 32) Preservation of cognitive health ===
@@ Line 358: / Line 476: @@
 The acquisition, realisation, or grasp of what is actually the case. It includes accurate perception, valid inference, scientific discovery, moral realisation, strategic understanding, and revelatory or mystical unveiling insofar as the content disclosed genuinely corresponds to reality.
-=== 45) Relational personhood ===
-The human being is constituted, perfected, and obligated through relations with others, and that humanity forms a single moral community rather than a collection of isolated individuals.
 === 46) Cognitive differentiation ===