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Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Baha • Brahman • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Shangdi • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Yahweh
Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Baha • Brahman • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Shangdi • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Yahweh
God is affirmed as the Necessary Existent (wājib al-wujūd), absolutely simple, uncomposed, and ontologically prior to all multiplicity. Tawḥīd thus signifies the unity of existence itself (waḥdat al-wujūd), not merely the numerical oneness of a deity among others. Multiplicity belongs only to the realm of contingent manifestation.


===3) Oneness===
===3) Oneness===
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Anubhava • Enlightenment • Ilhām • Nirvana • Perfect knowledge acquisition • Revelation • Wahī
Anubhava • Enlightenment • Ilhām • Nirvana • Perfect knowledge acquisition • Revelation • Wahī
====Nubuwwa (Prophethood)====
Prophets are higher modes of consciousness through which divine intellect becomes articulated in human history. Their distinction lies not in supernatural interruption but in perfected receptivity to truth. Prophetic communication is the linguistic and cultural crystallisation of universal wisdom within a particular civilisational horizon.
====Imāma (Leadership / Continuity of Guidance)====
Imamate signifies the perpetuation of divine guidance through intellectual continuity rather than genealogical descent. The imām is the bearer of ʿaql mustafād—the fully actualised intellect that mediates between transcendent truth and communal life. In rationalist terms, the Imamate represents the principle of intellectual succession: the necessity that wisdom, once disclosed, be continuously embodied in minds capable of sustaining and interpreting it.




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====ʿAdl (Divine Justice)====
Justice, in rationalist metaphysics, is the invariance of the divine order—every existent occupies precisely its necessary degree within the ontological hierarchy. Apparent injustice arises only from partial perspectives. Theodicy is therefore resolved through the principle of necessitarian harmony: all that exists unfolds necessarily from the divine simplicity in the best and only possible way.




 
====Maʿād (Return / Eschaton)====
Eschatology is interpreted ontologically: the Return is the re-integration of individuated consciousness into higher degrees of unity. The “resurrection” is the unveiling of one’s existential reality; paradise and hell denote modes of consciousness corresponding to nearness or alienation from the Source.




[[Hadīths]]  
[[Hadīths]]  


==History==


===Origins===
===Hasan, Husayn, and Karbala===
===Imamate of the Ahl al-Bayt===
===Imam Mahdi, last Imam of the Shia===
===Dynasties===
====Fatimid Caliphate====
====Safavid Empire====


==Adherents==


===Narrow definition===
===In general and in a specific sense===
===Classification of the Muʿtazila===
===Mysticism===
==Jurisprudence==


==Essentialist Affirmation of Doctrinal Schemas==
==Essentialist Affirmation of Doctrinal Schemas==
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Accordingly, Rationalist Islam affirms the uṣūl al-dīn (principles of religion) and furūʿ al-dīn (branches of religion) articulated within Twelver Shi‘ism, and the arkān al-islām (pillars of practice) formulated within Sunnism, interpreting each in light of its own rational metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology.
Accordingly, Rationalist Islam affirms the uṣūl al-dīn (principles of religion) and furūʿ al-dīn (branches of religion) articulated within Twelver Shi‘ism, and the arkān al-islām (pillars of practice) formulated within Sunnism, interpreting each in light of its own rational metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology.


===Twelver Uṣūl al-Dīn (Principles of Religion)===


====Tawḥīd (Divine Unity)====
Uṣūl al-Dīn
God is affirmed as the Necessary Existent (wājib al-wujūd), absolutely simple, uncomposed, and ontologically prior to all multiplicity. Tawḥīd thus signifies the unity of existence itself (waḥdat al-wujūd), not merely the numerical oneness of a deity among others. Multiplicity belongs only to the realm of contingent manifestation.
 
 
 
 
 


====ʿAdl (Divine Justice)====
Justice, in rationalist metaphysics, is the invariance of the divine order—every existent occupies precisely its necessary degree within the ontological hierarchy. Apparent injustice arises only from partial perspectives. Theodicy is therefore resolved through the principle of necessitarian harmony: all that exists unfolds necessarily from the divine simplicity in the best and only possible way.


====Nubuwwa (Prophethood)====
Prophets are higher modes of consciousness through which divine intellect becomes articulated in human history. Their distinction lies not in supernatural interruption but in perfected receptivity to truth. Prophetic communication is the linguistic and cultural crystallisation of universal wisdom within a particular civilisational horizon.


====Imāma (Leadership / Continuity of Guidance)====
Imamate signifies the perpetuation of divine guidance through intellectual continuity rather than genealogical descent. The imām is the bearer of ʿaql mustafād—the fully actualised intellect that mediates between transcendent truth and communal life. In rationalist terms, the Imamate represents the principle of intellectual succession: the necessity that wisdom, once disclosed, be continuously embodied in minds capable of sustaining and interpreting it.


====Maʿād (Return / Eschaton)====
Eschatology is interpreted ontologically: the Return is the re-integration of individuated consciousness into higher degrees of unity. The “resurrection” is the unveiling of one’s existential reality; paradise and hell denote modes of consciousness corresponding to nearness or alienation from the Source.


===Twelver Furūʿ al-Dīn (Branches of Religion)===
===Furūʿ al-Dīn (Branches of Religion)===


The furūʿ are ethical-ritual expressions of metaphysical truths. Each act symbolises and cultivates an inner disposition aligned with the ontological order.
The furūʿ are ethical-ritual expressions of metaphysical truths. Each act symbolises and cultivates an inner disposition aligned with the ontological order.
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An essentialist affirmation of Islamic doctrinal schemas—recognising the unity of essence beneath multiplicity of expression.
An essentialist affirmation of Islamic doctrinal schemas—recognising the unity of essence beneath multiplicity of expression.


Recommendation:


For encyclopaedic clarity and philosophical accuracy, the best single heading would be:
Doctrinal Correspondence and Analogical Affirmation


===Sunnism's Six Pillars of Faith (Arkān al-Īmān)===
===Sunnism's Six Pillars of Faith (Arkān al-Īmān)===
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===God===
====Unity====
====Transcendence====
====Names and attributes====
===Angels and other spirits===
===Books of God===
===Prophets===
====Messages====
====Muhammad====
===Eschatology===
====In the grave====
====Sign of the hour====
====Day of resurrection====
====The vision of God in the hereafter====
====Release of the monotheists from hell and intercession====
===The predestination===
====Extent of the predestination====
====The Blessed and the Damned====
==View of hadith==
==Views==
===Alī: Muhammad's rightful successor===
===Profession of faith (Shahada)===
===Infallibility (Ismah)===
===Occultation (Ghaybah)===
====Hadith tradition====
===Holy Relics (Tabarruk)===
===Other doctrines===
====Doctrine about necessity of acquiring knowledge====
==Practices==
===Holidays===
===Holy sites===
===Purity===
==Demographics==
==See also==




==References==


===Notes===
===Citations===
===Sources===


==Further reading==


==External links==




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