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=TABLE OF CONTENTS=
Rationalist Islam is an epistemic-led, principle-first, and rational-empirical branch of Islam that grounds views, practices, and identity in a set of independently justified and domain-specific rational principles.


==Part I The Necessary Existent==
Adherents adopt “Islam” and "Muslim" as identities only after critical assessment of historical evidence suggests that Muḥammad substantially aligned with these principles. Rationalist Islam is, therefore, a continuation of the historical Muhammadan movement with the aim of maximising the wellbeing of all sentient inhabitants of the world.


===Chapter 1. Cultural terms===
The guiding maxim often associated with Rationalist Islam is “Religion as movement — not monument,” emphasising an ongoing, adaptive, principle-led, evidence-based, ethically purposive project rather than static veneration and dogma.


Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Baha • Brahman • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the Father • Shangdi • The One • Unconditioned Reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Yahweh
Proponents describe Rationalist Islam as a continuation — and internal reformulation — of the broader Near Eastern and Mediterranean “wisdom tradition,” drawing a conceptual lineage from classical philosophy (Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus), biblical and late antique sapiential currents (including the Jesus movement’s emphasis on justice and inner transformation), through Muḥammad’s proclamations, early and medieval Islamic philosophy (falsafa) and mysticism (taṣawwuf/ʿirfān), and extending into modern historical-critical and scientific methods.


===Chapter 2. Epistemic framework===
==Terminology==


====1. Epistemology====
As an entailment of their commitment to intellectual accommodation and rationalist epistemology, adherents identify and describe themselves contextually — modulating terminology and self-designation according to the audience, subject matter, and communicative purpose.  


=====1.1 [[Philosophy]]=====
This adaptive self-representation arises from their understanding that linguistic forms are vehicles of understanding rather than static markers of identity. Within this framework, the use of diverse religious labels functions pedagogically: to convey the essence of truth in whichever language resonates most coherently with a given community.


====2. Logic====
As a result, Rationalist Muslims assume a wide variety of seemingly conflicting names and employ them contextually, including:


====3. Law of identity====
===Muslim===


3.1 [[Law of non-contradiction]]
===Inner Circle Muslim===


3.2 [[Law of excluded middle]]
===Shi'i===


====4. Propositions====
===Inner Circle Shi'i===


====5. Principle of sufficient reason====
===Red Shi'i===


===Chapter 3. Deductive proof===
===Mystic===


===Chapter 4. Objections and refutations against them===
===Rationalist Mystic===


===Chapter 5. [[Oneness]]===  
===Neoplatonist===


====5.1 Cultural terms====
===Gnostic===


Henosis • Monism • Monotheism • Nondualism • Oneness • Samadhi • Tawhīd
===Esotericist===


====5.2 Epistemic framework====
===Essentialist===


====5.3 Deductive proof====
===Akbarian===


====5.4 Objections and refutations against them====
===Twelver Shi'i===


===Chapter 6. Necessary simplicity===
===Imami===


====6.1 Cultural terms====
===Ja'fari===


Divine simplicity
===Khomeinist===


====6.2 Epistemic framework====
===Sunni===


====6.3 Deductive proof====
===Salafi===


==Part II Immaterial dimension==
===Theist===


===Chapter 1. Cultural terms===
===Monotheist===


Intelligible dimension • Intelligible realm • Intelligible world
===Divine Simplicist===


===Chapter 2. Existential truths (Logic)===
===Christian===


====2.1 Rule of one====
==Cognitive dispositions==


====2.2 Gradation of existence====
===1. [[The Law of Identity]]===


===Chapter 3. Numbers (Number theory)===
“whatever is, is; whatever is not, is not.”


===Chapter 4. Dimensions (Geometry)===
Every entity or proposition is self-identical and distinct from its negation.


===Chapter 5. Algebraic structures (Algebra)===
===2. [[The Law of Non-Contradiction]]===


==Part III Immaterial dependent existents==
“nothing can both be and not be in the same respect.”


===Chapter 1. Ontologically first dependent existent===
Nothing can both be and not be in the same respect.


====1. Cultural terms====
===3. [[The Principle of Sufficient Reason (minimal intelligibility form)]]===


First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect
“every real state of affairs has some reason or ground.”


====2. Epistemic framework====
Every real state of affairs is intelligible; it has some reason, ground, or explanation for why it is rather than not, even if that reason is intrinsic.


====3. Deductive proof====
===4. [[Recognition of Contingency]]===


===Chapter 2. Ontologically second dependent existent===
“some things exist but could, in principle, not have existed.”


===Chapter 3. Ontologically third dependent existent===
There exist beings whose non-existence involves no contradiction.


===Chapter 4. Ontologically fourth dependent existent===
===5. [[Denial of Vicious Circularity and Infinite Explanatory Regress]]===


===Chapter 5. Ontologically fifth dependent existent===
Explanation cannot be self-grounding or infinitely deferred; every chain of dependence must terminate in something self-sufficient.


===Chapter 6. Ontologically sixth dependent existent===
==Conative dispositions==


===Chapter 7. Ontologically seventh dependent existent===
===1. Preference for truth over comfort===


===Chapter 8. Ontologically eighth dependent existent===
===2. Desire for personal development===


===Chapter 9. Ontologically ninth dependent existent===
===3. Desire for the maximisation of global wellbeing===


===Chapter 10. Ontologically tenth dependent existent===
===4. Desire to actively participate in the maximisation of global wellbeing===


==Part IV Material dimension==
===5. Tendency for self-sacrifice===


===Chapter 1. Cultural terms===
==The Rational Entailments==


Cosmos • Dunyā • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe
From the cognitive and conative dispositions follows a series of entailments that together constitute the framework of Rationalist Islam. They are not adopted as beliefs, asserted as doctrines, or accepted by tradition, but are said to follow by necessity from the structure of reason itself.


===Chapter 2. Actualising potential===
Each entailment represents what any rational intellect must affirm once it accepts the laws of thought and the intelligibility of being: that contingent existence requires grounding, that explanation must terminate in the self-sufficient, and that the pursuit of knowledge within each domain must proceed according to the logic appropriate to that domain. What follows, therefore, are not articles of faith but the logical unfoldings of reason — the positions that reason itself necessitates concerning existence, knowledge, and ethics.


====Cultural terms====
Rationalist Islam proceeds on the principle that no claim is exempt from reason’s jurisdiction. Every position is derived — not asserted — by applying the Five Prior Rational Commitments. What follows is a continuous sequence of conclusions that any rational agent should grant once those priors are accepted.


'Ibādah • Islām • Servitude • Submission • Worship
===1) Metaphysical rationalism===


===Chapter 3. Temporal causation===
===2) Foundationalism===


===Chapter 4. Continuous change (Calculus)===
===3) Epistemic parsimony===


===Chapter 5. Events (Probability theory)===
===4) Ontological parsimony===
===5) Primacy of [[Consciousness]]===


===Chapter 6. Evolution (Evolutionary biology)===
===6) Analytic idealism===


==Part V Material dependent actualised rational existents: Homo perfectus sapiens==
===7) Oneness of consciousness===


===Chapter 1. Cultural terms===
Monism • Nondualism


Demigod • High-Conscious Individual • High-Integration Individual • Hujjah • Imām • Infallible • Insān al-Kāmil • Insān ‘alā Khuluqin ‘Adhīm • Integrate • Ma'sūm • Messenger • Meta-Conscious Agent • Nabī • New Man • Perfect human • Perfect rational animal • Philosopher king • Prophet • Rasūl • Transhuman • Übermensch
===8) Ontological priority===


===Chapter 2. Epistemic framework (Logic, philosophy, speculative anthropology & religion)===  
===9) Gradation of consciousness===


===Chapter 3. Deductive proof===
Gradation of existence • Gradation of reality • Tashkīk al-wujūd


===Chapter 4. Objections and refutations against them===
===10) Meta consciousness===


===Chapter 5. Evolution===
Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Baha • Brahman • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the father • Necessary existent • Necessary existentiator • Necessary reality • Pure consciousness • Shangdi • The divine • The One • Unconditioned reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-wujūd • Yahweh


===Chapter 6. Intellect===
===11) Necessary simplicity===


====6.1 Epistemic framework====
Al-Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine simplicity • Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd


====6.2 Deductive proof====
===12) Absolute necessary simplicity===


====6.3 Terms and usage====
===13) Conscientiation ex conscientia===


'Aql • Nous
Badā'a • Creatio ex deo • Origination


===Chapter 7. Information: Ungraded acquisition===
===14) Necessitarianism===


====7.1 Epistemic framework====
ʿAdl • Divine justice


====7.2 Deductive proof====
===15) Eternalism / [[Eternal Creation]]===


====7.3 Terms and usage====
===16) Rule of one===


Anubhava • Enlightenment • Ilhām • Nirvana • Perfect knowledge acquisition • Revelation • Wahī
===17) First conscientiate===


====7.4 Objections and refutations against them====
First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect


===Chapter 8. Information: Ungraded dissemination===
===18) Intermediary conscientiates===  


====8.1 Epistemic framework====
Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika


====8.2 Deductive proof====
===19) Observable universe===
Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe


====8.3 Terms and usage====
===20) B-theory of time===


====8.4 Objections and refutations against them====
Tenseless theory of time


====8.5 Nominees====
===21) Compatibilism===


Bible • [[Hadīths]] • Qur'ān (Mushaf of 'Alī) • Qur'ān ('Uthmānic codex)
Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism
====8.6 [[Divine Prophecy]]====


===Chapter 9. [[Information: Graded dissemination]]===
===22) Perdurantism===


Cognitive reframing
===23) Physical empiricism===


====9.1 Epistemic framework====
Empirical method • Scientific method


====9.2 Deductive proof====
===24) [[Mindfulness]]===


====9.3 Terms and usage====
Dhikr • God consciousness • Meditation • Salāh • Taqwā


Intellectual dissimulation • Taqīyya
===25) Self-cultivation===


====9.4 Objections and refutations against them====
===26) Superiority of intellect===


====9.5 Nominees====
===27) Rational self-governance===


Bible • [[Hadīths]] • Qur'ān (Mushaf of 'Alī) • Qur'ān ('Uthmānic codex)
===28) Mysticism===


====9.6 Seminaries====
'Ibādah • Islām • Servitude • Submission • Worship


=====9.6.1 [[Hawzah al-Hikmah]]=====
===29) Prayer===


===Chapter 10. Social interaction===
Ṣalāh


===Chapter 11. Diet===
===30) Fasting===


===Chapter 12. Candidates===
Ṣawm


[[Confucius]] (551–479 BCE, China) — Philosopher, educator, ethicist.
===31) Charity===
Advanced consciousness expressed as ethical cultivation and the idea that harmony in the individual extends outward into society, shaping relational and collective awareness.


[[Socrates]] (469–399 BCE, Greece) — Philosopher, teacher.
Almsgiving • Zakāh
Embodied radical self-examination, dialogical truth-seeking, and the courage to die for principle, making consciousness of virtue the measure of life.


[[Plato]] (428–348 BCE, Greece) — Philosopher, writer, founder of the Academy.
===32) Pilgrimage===
Elevated abstraction and the reality of universals, treating consciousness as participation in the realm of forms, an early theory of mind’s reach beyond perception.


[[Zhuangzi]] (369–286 BCE, China) — Philosopher, Taoist sage.
Ḥajj
Emphasised fluidity of perspective and dream-consciousness, dissolving rigid distinctions between self and world in a proto-nondual mode.


[[Aristotle]] (384–322 BCE, Greece) — Philosopher, scientist.
===33) [[Resistance]]===
Analyzed mind (psyche) as structured layers of life — vegetative, animal, rational — anticipating systematic study of consciousness.


[[Ashoka]] (304–232 BCE, India) — Emperor, Buddhist reformer.
Discipline • Exertion • Fighting • Jihād • Striving • Struggle
Dramatic transformation from conquest to conscience: renounced violence, spread ethical edicts, showing consciousness as a basis for political life.


[[Jesus]] (c. 4 BCE–30 CE, Judea) — Preacher, reformer.
===34) Heightened consciousness===
Preached radical inversion of social norms (“the last shall be first”), extending consciousness into unconditional love and inner purity, even at cost of crucifixion.


[[Plotinus]] (204–270 CE, Egypt/Rome) — Philosopher, founder of Neoplatonism.
Altered state of consciousness • Anubhava • Enlightenment • Henosis • Ilhām • Nirvana • Noetic mystical experience • Nubuwwah • Perfect knowledge acquisition • Prophethood • Samadhi • Revelation • Wahī
Articulated the ascent of consciousness from sense to intellect to mystical union with “the One,” framing awareness as ontological participation.


[[Augustine of Hippo]] (354–430 CE, North Africa) — Bishop, theologian.
===35) Gradation of Intellect===
Pioneered introspective analysis of memory, time, and will, treating consciousness of self as the site of encountering truth.


[[Muḥammad]] (570–632 CE, Arabia) — Prophet, statesman.
Cognitive heterogeneity
Combined contemplative withdrawal (Ḥirā) with revolutionary vision: transformed fragments of oral, poetic, and legal consciousness into a unifying moral-legal system.


[[Ali ibn Abi Talib]] (601–661 CE, Arabia) — Caliph, jurist, philosopher-poet.
===36) [[Local cultivation]]===
Renowned for sermons that combined courage, self-awareness, and metaphysical reflection; model of integrating ethical action and contemplative thought.


Fāṭimah al-Zahrāʾ (c. 605–632 CE, Arabia) — Daughter of Muhammad, moral exemplar.
Messengership • Risālah
Remembered for eloquent sermons, advocacy for justice after her father’s death, and embodiment of moral integrity under political pressure. Represents advanced consciousness as ethical witness and personal sacrifice.
===37) Global cultivation / [[Maximisation of Personal & Global Wellbeing (Constrained)]]===


Hasan ibn ʿAlī (624–670 CE, Arabia) — 2nd Imam, grandson of Muhammad.
===38) Noocracy===
Praised for conciliatory leadership; relinquished political authority to avoid bloodshed, embodying consciousness of peace and ethical restraint in volatile times.


Husayn ibn ʿAlī (626–680 CE, Arabia) — 3rd Imam, grandson of Muhammad.
Imāmah • Perfect manhood • Philosopher kingship • Technocracy
Martyr of Karbala, archetype of sacrificial consciousness: prioritised truth and justice over survival, becoming a symbol of resistance against tyranny across cultures.


ʿAlī ibn al-Husayn (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn / al-Sajjād) (c. 659–713 CE, Arabia) — 4th Imam.
===39) [[Philosopher King]]===
Survivor of Karbala, embodied contemplative consciousness through supplications (al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādiyya), integrating suffering with spiritual depth.


Muhammad al-Bāqir (677–732 CE, Arabia) — 5th Imam.
Demigod • High-Conscious Individual • High-Integration Individual • Hujjah • Imām • Infallible • Insān al-Kāmil • Insān ‘alā Khuluqin ‘Adhīm • Integrate • Ma'sūm • Messenger • Meta-Conscious Agent • Nabī • New Man • Perfect human • Perfect rational animal • Philosopher king • Prophet • Rasūl • Transhuman • Übermensch
Scholar and teacher, expanded intellectual foundations of Islamic thought. Consciousness expressed through systematic transmission of knowledge amid political marginalisation.
 
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (702–765 CE, Arabia) — 6th Imam.
Renowned teacher of science, theology, and law; many Sunni and Shiʿi scholars trace knowledge to him. Consciousness here as integrative intellect bridging faith and reason.
 
Mūsa al-Kāẓim (744–799 CE, Arabia) — 7th Imam.
Known for patience and endurance during repeated imprisonments. Advanced consciousness expressed as steadfastness and inner resilience under oppression.
 
ʿAlī al-Riḍā (766–817 CE, Arabia/Persia) — 8th Imam.
Engaged in public theological debates at Abbasid court; remembered for tolerance and intellectual breadth. Consciousness expressed as rational dialogue and openness.
 
Muhammad al-Jawād (811–835 CE, Arabia) — 9th Imam.
Became Imam in childhood, yet led with intellectual precocity. Symbol of youthful consciousness applied to leadership and scholarship.
 
ʿAlī al-Hādī (al-Naqī) (828–868 CE, Arabia) — 10th Imam.
Lived under Abbasid surveillance, emphasised inner piety and guidance despite constraints. Consciousness here as quiet resilience and integrity under pressure.
 
Hasan al-ʿAskarī (844–874 CE, Arabia) — 11th Imam.
Restricted life in military garrison (Samarrāʾ), yet produced a legacy of ethical teachings. Consciousness expressed as leadership through personal example amid political isolation.
 
[[Avicenna]] (Ibn Sina) (980–1037, Persia) — Physician, philosopher.
His “floating man” thought experiment explored immediate self-awareness independent of the body, a foundational insight into consciousness studies.
 
[[Ibn Arabi]] (1165–1240, Andalusia) — Mystic, poet, philosopher.
Elaborated the doctrine of the “Perfect Human” as the microcosm of all reality, theorising consciousness as the reflective mirror of the divine.
 
[[Dōgen]] (1200–1253, Japan) — Zen master, monastic reformer.
Articulated “being-time” (uji), collapsing distinctions of time and consciousness, teaching meditation as direct embodiment of awareness.
 
[[Rumi]] (Jalal al-Din Rumi) (1207–1273, Persia) — Poet, mystic.
Through ecstatic poetry and metaphor, expressed consciousness as love-driven dissolution of ego into unity.
 
[[Meister Eckhart]] (1260–1328, Germany) — Theologian, mystic.
Taught detachment and the “birth of God in the soul,” centering consciousness as a formless ground of being.


[[Mulla Sadra]] (1571–1640, Persia) — Philosopher, metaphysician.
===40) Intellectual Accommodation===
Developed gradational ontology (tashkīk al-wujūd), equating degrees of being with levels of consciousness, anticipating panpsychist lines.


[[Galileo Galilei]] (1564–1642, Italy) — Astronomer, physicist.
Tawriyyah
Shifted consciousness of the cosmos from geocentric certainty to empirical infinity, pioneering observational awareness of nature.


[[John Locke]] (1632–1704, England) — Philosopher, theorist.
===41) Intellectual Dissimulation===
Defined personal identity as continuity of consciousness, influencing modern selfhood and rights theory.


[[Isaac Newton]] (1643–1727, England) — Mathematician, physicist.
Taqīyyah
Unified celestial and terrestrial mechanics, expanding human consciousness to a law-governed cosmos.


[[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1712–1778, Switzerland/France) — Philosopher.
===42) Cognitive reframing===
Probed conscience, authenticity, and freedom, reshaping consciousness of self in society.


[[Immanuel Kant]] (1724–1804, Prussia) — Philosopher.
===43) Motifs and Imagery===
Explained consciousness as structured by categories of understanding; “transcendental unity of apperception” as ground of experience.


[[Thomas Paine]] (1737–1809, England/USA) — Writer, revolutionary.
Motifs—light, ascent, circle, garden, path—translate abstract truths into memorable forms that shape imagination and action. Repetition builds identity; symbol stabilises norms.
Voiced universal rights and democratic conscience, extending awareness of political selfhood.


[[Toussaint Louverture]] (1743–1803, Haiti) — Revolutionary leader.
===44) Mythos for Most===
Transformed consciousness of enslaved peoples into political agency, leading Haiti’s independence.


[[William Blake]] (1757–1827, England) — Poet, artist.
Symbol and story teach where proof cannot yet reach. Properly used, mythos is not falsehood but imaginal pedagogy—true content rendered in forms accessible to typical abstraction bandwidths. It is accommodation at scale.
Visionary imagination turned consciousness into prophetic art, critiquing industrial rationalism.


[[G.W.F. Hegel]] (1770–1831, Germany) — Philosopher.
===45) Repurposing Myths and Legends===
Mapped consciousness through dialectical stages, culminating in self-realisation as Spirit.


[[Charles Darwin]] (1809–1882, England) — Naturalist.
Existing cultural materials can be redeemed: stripped of false metaphysics, rekeyed to the Necessary Existent and rational ethics, and redeployed for formation. Continuity with correction preserves social capital while elevating understanding.
Altered consciousness of life by introducing evolution, dissolving static hierarchies of species.


[[Karl Marx]] (1818–1883, Germany) — Philosopher, revolutionary theorist.
===46) Metanarratives===
Exposed class consciousness as historical driver, insisting on praxis linking thought to transformation.


[[Friedrich Nietzsche]] (1844–1900, Germany) — Philosopher.
Human agents reason within stories. A metanarrative integrates metaphysics, ethics, and destiny into an intelligible arc that motivates virtue and sacrifice. Without a shared narrative, social coordination and long-range projects degrade.
Pushed consciousness beyond truth-illusions toward life-affirmation, the “Übermensch” as higher integration.


[[Nikola Tesla]] (1856–1943, Serbia/US) — Inventor, engineer.
===47) Religion===
Harnessed visionary imagination, turning inner visualisation into scientific-technological breakthroughs.


[[Marie Curie]] (1867–1934, Poland/France) — Physicist, chemist.
===48) Religious beliefs===
Expanded human consciousness of matter by revealing radioactivity, with extraordinary intellectual discipline.


[[Mahatma Gandhi]] (1869–1948, India) — Lawyer, revolutionary.
Arkān al-īmān • Pillars of faith • 'Uṣūl al-dīn
Embodied sacrificial consciousness through satyagraha (truth-force), nonviolent resistance, and willingness to suffer for justice.


[[Rosa Luxemburg]] (1871–1919, Poland/Germany) — Revolutionary socialist.
===49) Religious laws===
Integrated intellectual clarity with sacrificial activism, writing profound critiques while dying for her cause.


[[Rainer Maria Rilke]] (1875–1926, Austria) — Poet, writer.
Branches of religion • Furūʿ al-dīn • Pillars of practice
Explored existential states and consciousness of finitude through lyrical intensity.


[[Carl Jung]] (1875–1961, Switzerland) — Psychiatrist.
===50) Need for Dogma===
Developed the unconscious/archetypal model, framing consciousness as individuation toward wholeness.


[[Albert Einstein]] (1879–1955, Germany/US) — Physicist.
“Dogma” means publicly fixed minima of right belief and practice that coordinate a civilisation. It protects the many from costly error while leaving upper tiers open to demonstration and qualified debate. Dogma is not a substitute for truth; it is a civic guardrail toward it.
Reconceptualised time, space, and relativity, demonstrating imaginative consciousness as scientific method.


[[Simone Weil]] (1909–1943, France) — Philosopher, mystic.
===51) Confessional identity===
Married mystical attentiveness with radical political conscience, lived sacrificial solidarity with workers and victims.


[[Ruhollah Khomeini]] (1902–1989, Iran) — Cleric, revolutionary leader.
Shahāda • Testimony of Faith
Unified metaphysics, mysticism, and political revolution, embodying sacrificial exile before seizing transformative power.


[[David Bohm]] (1917–1992, USA/UK) — Physicist, philosopher.
===51) Need to Encourage and Control Behaviour===
Proposed implicate order, dialogue as expansion of shared consciousness, bridging science and holistic awareness.


[[Nelson Mandela]] (1918–2013, South Africa) — Revolutionary, president.
Where demonstration alone will not move median behaviour, law, institutions, incentives, and norms are rational instruments to align action with the good. This is an application of PSR to collective life: effects follow causes; therefore, design the causes.
Sacrificially endured 27 years in prison, then embodied reconciliatory consciousness over vengeance.


[[James Baldwin]] (1924–1987, USA) — Writer, activist.
===Hagiography===
Articulated consciousness of race, identity, and love with radical clarity and eloquence.


[[Malcolm X]] (1925–1965, USA) — Minister, activist.
Apotheosis • Deification • Divinisation • [[Ghulāt]] / Ghuluw • Heroisation • Legendary accretion • Mythicisation • Myth-making • Mythologisation • Mythopoeia • Sacralisation • Tawallā
Transformed his own consciousness through struggle, symbolising liberation through fearless self-reinvention.


[[Martin Luther King Jr.]] (1929–1968, USA) — Minister, civil rights leader.
===Heresiography===
Preached unitive, sacrificial love and justice, embodying higher ethical consciousness at great personal risk.


[[Ali Khamenei]] (1939–present, Iran) — Cleric, revolutionary, head of state.
Tabarrā
Blends political leadership with a philosophical-mystical lineage, navigating survival under immense constraint.


[[Vaclav Havel]] (1936–2011, Czechia) — Playwright, dissident, president.
==Timeline==
Coined “living in truth” as a form of political-moral consciousness in oppressive regimes.


[[Hassan Nasrallah]] (1960–2024, Lebanon) — Cleric, political-military leader.
===Classical antiquity===
Charismatic orator, blends political struggle with sacrificial posture under constant threat.


===Chapter 13. Legends===
Socrates holds dialogues


Ādam (Adam)
'''399 BCE, Athens, Greece'''
<br />
Socrates is executed by poison


Idrīs (Enoch or Hermes Trismegistus)
'''c. 387 BCE, Athens, Greece'''
<br />
Plato founds the Academy


Nūḥ (Noah)
'''c. 387 - ? BCE, Athens, Greece'''
<br />
Plato conceives Theory of Ideas
<br />
Plato conceives Theory of Soul
<br />
Plato conceives Form of the Good
<br />
Plato conceives Allegory of the Cave
<br />
Plato conceives The Philosopher King
<br />
Plato conceives The Noble Lie


[[Hūd]]
'''335 BCE, Athens, Greece'''
<br />
Ṣāliḥ
Aristotle founds the Lyceum
Ibrāhīm (Abraham)


Lūṭ (Lot)
'''335 BCE - ?, Athens, Greece'''
<br />
Aristotle conceives formal logic


Ismā'īl (Ishmael)
'''c. 27 CE, Jerusalem, Roman Judea (modern Occupied Palestine)'''
<br />
[[Jesus]] begins noocratic revolution


Isḥāq (Isaac)  
'''c. 30 CE, Jerusalem, Roman Judea (modern Occupied Palestine)'''
<br />
Jesus is demonised by Jewish ethnocratic propaganda
<br />
Jesus is executed by Roman timocratic crucifixion


Ya'qūb (Jacob)
===Late antiquity===


Yūsuf (Joseph)
'''c. 245–270 CE, Rome, Roman Empire (modern Italy)'''
 
<br />
Ayyūb (Job)
Plotinus conceives The One
 
<br />
Shu'ayb
Plotinus conceives Emanation by the One
<br />
Mūsā (Moses)
Plotinus establishes Neoplatonism
 
<br />
Hārūn (Aaron)
Proclus popularises Platonism
 
Dāūd (David)
 
Sulaymān (Solomon)
 
Ilyās (Elijah)
 
Alyasa' (Elisha)
 
Yūnus (Jonah)
 
Ḏū l-Kifli (Ezekiel, Isaiah, Obadiah or Buddha)  
 
Zakariyyā (Zechariah)
 
Yaḥyā (John the Baptist)
 
Muhammad al-Mahdī
 
==Part VI Material dependent unactualised rational existents: Homo sapiens==
 
===Chapter 1. Epistemic framework (Anthropology)===
 
===Chapter 2. Inductive evidence===
 
===Chapter 3. Terms and usage===
 
Human • Imperfect human • Imperfect rational animal • Insān
 
===Chapter 4. [[Mindfulness]]===
 
====4.1 Epistemic framework====
 
====4.2 Inductive evidence====
 
====4.3. Terms and usage====
 
Dhikr • God consciousness • Meditation • Salāh • Taqwā


===Chapter 5. [[Self-affirmation]]===
Pseudo-Dionysius symbolises Neoplatonism


===Chapter 6. [[Mental health]]===
'''610 CE, Mecca, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
[[Muḥammad]] begins noocratic revolution


====6.1 [[Denialism]]====
'''622 CE, Medina, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
Muḥammad establishes noocratic revolution


====6.2 [[Cognitive dissonance]]====
'''632 CE, Medina, First Islamic state (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
Muḥammad dies in suspicious circumstances
<br />
Abu Bakr restores clanocracy
<br />
[[Ali]] begins noocratic revolution 


====6.3 [[Defence mechanism]]====
'''656 CE, Medina, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
'Uthmān ibn 'Affān is assassinated by sword


===Chapter 7. [[Physical health]]===
'''656 CE, Medina, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
ʿAlī establishes noocratic revolution 


===Chapter 8. [[Hygiene]]===
'''661 CE, Kufa, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Iraq)'''
<br />
ʿAlī is assassinated by kratocratic sword
<br />
Hasan ibn ʿAlī protects noocratic revolution
<br />
Hasan ibn ʿAlī is assassinated by poison
<br />
Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī begins noocratic revolution


====8.1 [[Female hygiene]]====
'''680 CE, Karbala, Umayyad Caliphate (modern Iraq)'''
<br />
Husayn ibn ʿAlī is assassinated by clanocratic sword


====8.2 [[Male hygiene]]====
'''732 CE, Medina, Umayyad Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq begins noocratic revolution


===Chapter 9. [[Fasting]]===
'''765 CE, Medina, Abbasid Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)'''
<br />
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq is assassinated by clanocratic poison


===Chapter 10. [[Nutrition]]===
===Islamic Golden Age===


===Chapter 11. [[Personal finance]]===
'''c. 820 - 870 CE, Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate (modern Iraq)'''
<br />
al-Kindī


===Chapter 12. [[Philanthropy]]===
'''c. 940 – 1060 CE, Basra, Iraq'''
<br />
Brethren of Purity hold secret meetings


===Chapter 13. [[Homo sapiens reproduction|Reproduction]]===
'''c. 950 CE, Damascus, Ikhshidid Syria (modern Syria)'''
<br />
al-Fārābī islamicises Neoplatonism


===Chapter 14. [[Death]]===
'''980 – 1037 CE, from Bukhara, Samanid Transoxiana (modern Uzbekistan) to Hamadan, Medieval Persia (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)'''
<br />
Ibn Sīnā conceives Proof of the Truthful


===Chapter 15. [[Burial]]===
'''c. 1186 CE, Aleppo, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)'''
<br />
Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi conceives Illuminationism


===Chapter 16. [[Inheritance]]===
'''c. 1191 CE, Aleppo, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)'''
<br />
Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi is executed by familiocratic violence


==Part VII Material dependent unactualised rational existents: Homo erectus==
'''c. 1200–1240 CE, Mecca, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia) and Damascus, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)'''
<br />
Ibn ʿArabī conceives Unity of Existence


==Part VIII Material dependent unactualised rational existents: Homo habilis==
'''c. 1220 - 1270 CE, Maragha, Medieval Persia'''
<br />
Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī synthesises mysticism and science


==Part IX Material dependent unactualised rational existents: Australopithecus==
===Gunpowder Age===


==Part X Material dependent non-rational existents==
Mīr Dāmād conceives atemporal origination


===Chapter 1. Animal (Zoology)===
Mulla Sadrā conceives Transcendent Theosophy


===Chapter 2. Plant (Botany)===
===Oil Age===


===Chapter 3. Organism (Biology)===
Muhammad Husayn Ṭabāṭabāʾī establishes intra-Qur’ānic exegesis


===Chapter 4. Organ (Biology)===
Morteza Motahhari co-founds the Combatant Clergy Association


===Chapter 5. Tissue (Biology)===
Morteza Motahhari is assassinated by Iranian seculocratic gunfire


===Chapter 6. Cell (Biology)===
Ali Shariati writes Red Shi'sm vs. Black Shi'ism


===Chapter 7. Organelle (Biology)===
Ali Shariati dies in suspicious circumstances


===Chapter 8. Mineral (Mineralogy)===
===Information Age===


===Chapter 9. Molecule (Chemistry)===
'''c. 1940, Qom, Pahlavi Iran (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)'''
<br />
[[Ruhollah Khomeini]] begins noocratic revolution


====9.1 Homonuclear molecule====
'''1979, Tehran, Post-Pahlavi Iran (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)'''
====9.2 Heteronuclear molecule====
<br />
Ruhollah Khomeini establishes noocratic revolution


===Chapter 10. Atom (Atomic physics)===
'''c. 1979, Beqaa, Lebanon'''
<br />
[[Hassan Nasrallah]] begins noocratic revolution


===Chapter 11. Atomic nucleus (Nuclear physics)===
'''1989, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran'''
<br />
Ruhollah Khomeini dies
<br />
[[Ali Khamenei]] protects noocratic revolution


===Chapter 12. Subatomic particle (Quantum mechanics)===
'''2024, Dahieh, Lebanon'''
<br />
Hassan Nasrallah is assassinated by Jewish ethnocratic airstrike


===Chapter 13. Quantum field (Theoretical physics)===
'''2026, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran'''
<br />
Ali Khamenei is assassinated by American plutocratic & Jewish ethnocratic airstrikes

Latest revision as of 22:52, 4 April 2026

Rationalist Islam is an epistemic-led, principle-first, and rational-empirical branch of Islam that grounds views, practices, and identity in a set of independently justified and domain-specific rational principles.

Adherents adopt “Islam” and "Muslim" as identities only after critical assessment of historical evidence suggests that Muḥammad substantially aligned with these principles. Rationalist Islam is, therefore, a continuation of the historical Muhammadan movement with the aim of maximising the wellbeing of all sentient inhabitants of the world.

The guiding maxim often associated with Rationalist Islam is “Religion as movement — not monument,” emphasising an ongoing, adaptive, principle-led, evidence-based, ethically purposive project rather than static veneration and dogma.

Proponents describe Rationalist Islam as a continuation — and internal reformulation — of the broader Near Eastern and Mediterranean “wisdom tradition,” drawing a conceptual lineage from classical philosophy (Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus), biblical and late antique sapiential currents (including the Jesus movement’s emphasis on justice and inner transformation), through Muḥammad’s proclamations, early and medieval Islamic philosophy (falsafa) and mysticism (taṣawwuf/ʿirfān), and extending into modern historical-critical and scientific methods.

Terminology

As an entailment of their commitment to intellectual accommodation and rationalist epistemology, adherents identify and describe themselves contextually — modulating terminology and self-designation according to the audience, subject matter, and communicative purpose.

This adaptive self-representation arises from their understanding that linguistic forms are vehicles of understanding rather than static markers of identity. Within this framework, the use of diverse religious labels functions pedagogically: to convey the essence of truth in whichever language resonates most coherently with a given community.

As a result, Rationalist Muslims assume a wide variety of seemingly conflicting names and employ them contextually, including:

Muslim

Inner Circle Muslim

Shi'i

Inner Circle Shi'i

Red Shi'i

Mystic

Rationalist Mystic

Neoplatonist

Gnostic

Esotericist

Essentialist

Akbarian

Twelver Shi'i

Imami

Ja'fari

Khomeinist

Sunni

Salafi

Theist

Monotheist

Divine Simplicist

Christian

Cognitive dispositions

1. The Law of Identity

“whatever is, is; whatever is not, is not.”

Every entity or proposition is self-identical and distinct from its negation.

2. The Law of Non-Contradiction

“nothing can both be and not be in the same respect.”

Nothing can both be and not be in the same respect.

3. The Principle of Sufficient Reason (minimal intelligibility form)

“every real state of affairs has some reason or ground.”

Every real state of affairs is intelligible; it has some reason, ground, or explanation for why it is rather than not, even if that reason is intrinsic.

4. Recognition of Contingency

“some things exist but could, in principle, not have existed.”

There exist beings whose non-existence involves no contradiction.

5. Denial of Vicious Circularity and Infinite Explanatory Regress

Explanation cannot be self-grounding or infinitely deferred; every chain of dependence must terminate in something self-sufficient.

Conative dispositions

1. Preference for truth over comfort

2. Desire for personal development

3. Desire for the maximisation of global wellbeing

4. Desire to actively participate in the maximisation of global wellbeing

5. Tendency for self-sacrifice

The Rational Entailments

From the cognitive and conative dispositions follows a series of entailments that together constitute the framework of Rationalist Islam. They are not adopted as beliefs, asserted as doctrines, or accepted by tradition, but are said to follow by necessity from the structure of reason itself.

Each entailment represents what any rational intellect must affirm once it accepts the laws of thought and the intelligibility of being: that contingent existence requires grounding, that explanation must terminate in the self-sufficient, and that the pursuit of knowledge within each domain must proceed according to the logic appropriate to that domain. What follows, therefore, are not articles of faith but the logical unfoldings of reason — the positions that reason itself necessitates concerning existence, knowledge, and ethics.

Rationalist Islam proceeds on the principle that no claim is exempt from reason’s jurisdiction. Every position is derived — not asserted — by applying the Five Prior Rational Commitments. What follows is a continuous sequence of conclusions that any rational agent should grant once those priors are accepted.

1) Metaphysical rationalism

2) Foundationalism

3) Epistemic parsimony

4) Ontological parsimony

5) Primacy of Consciousness

6) Analytic idealism

7) Oneness of consciousness

Monism • Nondualism

8) Ontological priority

9) Gradation of consciousness

Gradation of existence • Gradation of reality • Tashkīk al-wujūd

10) Meta consciousness

Ahura Mazda • Allāh • Aten • Baha • Brahman • 'Ēl • Father • God • God the father • Necessary existent • Necessary existentiator • Necessary reality • Pure consciousness • Shangdi • The divine • The One • Unconditioned reality • Vishnu • Waheguru • Wājib al-wujūd • Yahweh

11) Necessary simplicity

Al-Basāṭah al-ilāhiyyah • Divine simplicity • Monotheism • Oneness • Oneness of Allah • Oneness of God • Tawhīd

12) Absolute necessary simplicity

13) Conscientiation ex conscientia

Badā'a • Creatio ex deo • Origination

14) Necessitarianism

ʿAdl • Divine justice

15) Eternalism / Eternal Creation

16) Rule of one

17) First conscientiate

First creation • First intellect • First light • Image of God • Imago dei • Mashīyya • Nūr Muhammadiyya • Ontologically first dependent existent • Pen • Perfect creation • Qalam • Universal intellect

18) Intermediary conscientiates

Angels • Immaterial existents • Malāʾika

19) Observable universe

Cosmos • Dunyā • Material dimension • Material realm • Material world • Multiverse • Natural World • Olam HaZeh • Physical world • Sensible dimension • Sensible realm • Sensible world • Universe

20) B-theory of time

Tenseless theory of time

21) Compatibilism

Divine Decree • Divine Predestination • Illusion of Libertarian Free Will • Predestination • Qadar • Soft determinism

22) Perdurantism

23) Physical empiricism

Empirical method • Scientific method

24) Mindfulness

Dhikr • God consciousness • Meditation • Salāh • Taqwā

25) Self-cultivation

26) Superiority of intellect

27) Rational self-governance

28) Mysticism

'Ibādah • Islām • Servitude • Submission • Worship

29) Prayer

Ṣalāh

30) Fasting

Ṣawm

31) Charity

Almsgiving • Zakāh

32) Pilgrimage

Ḥajj

33) Resistance

Discipline • Exertion • Fighting • Jihād • Striving • Struggle

34) Heightened consciousness

Altered state of consciousness • Anubhava • Enlightenment • Henosis • Ilhām • Nirvana • Noetic mystical experience • Nubuwwah • Perfect knowledge acquisition • Prophethood • Samadhi • Revelation • Wahī

35) Gradation of Intellect

Cognitive heterogeneity

36) Local cultivation

Messengership • Risālah

37) Global cultivation / Maximisation of Personal & Global Wellbeing (Constrained)

38) Noocracy

Imāmah • Perfect manhood • Philosopher kingship • Technocracy

39) Philosopher King

Demigod • High-Conscious Individual • High-Integration Individual • Hujjah • Imām • Infallible • Insān al-Kāmil • Insān ‘alā Khuluqin ‘Adhīm • Integrate • Ma'sūm • Messenger • Meta-Conscious Agent • Nabī • New Man • Perfect human • Perfect rational animal • Philosopher king • Prophet • Rasūl • Transhuman • Übermensch

40) Intellectual Accommodation

Tawriyyah

41) Intellectual Dissimulation

Taqīyyah

42) Cognitive reframing

43) Motifs and Imagery

Motifs—light, ascent, circle, garden, path—translate abstract truths into memorable forms that shape imagination and action. Repetition builds identity; symbol stabilises norms.

44) Mythos for Most

Symbol and story teach where proof cannot yet reach. Properly used, mythos is not falsehood but imaginal pedagogy—true content rendered in forms accessible to typical abstraction bandwidths. It is accommodation at scale.

45) Repurposing Myths and Legends

Existing cultural materials can be redeemed: stripped of false metaphysics, rekeyed to the Necessary Existent and rational ethics, and redeployed for formation. Continuity with correction preserves social capital while elevating understanding.

46) Metanarratives

Human agents reason within stories. A metanarrative integrates metaphysics, ethics, and destiny into an intelligible arc that motivates virtue and sacrifice. Without a shared narrative, social coordination and long-range projects degrade.

47) Religion

48) Religious beliefs

Arkān al-īmān • Pillars of faith • 'Uṣūl al-dīn

49) Religious laws

Branches of religion • Furūʿ al-dīn • Pillars of practice

50) Need for Dogma

“Dogma” means publicly fixed minima of right belief and practice that coordinate a civilisation. It protects the many from costly error while leaving upper tiers open to demonstration and qualified debate. Dogma is not a substitute for truth; it is a civic guardrail toward it.

51) Confessional identity

Shahāda • Testimony of Faith

51) Need to Encourage and Control Behaviour

Where demonstration alone will not move median behaviour, law, institutions, incentives, and norms are rational instruments to align action with the good. This is an application of PSR to collective life: effects follow causes; therefore, design the causes.

Hagiography

Apotheosis • Deification • Divinisation • Ghulāt / Ghuluw • Heroisation • Legendary accretion • Mythicisation • Myth-making • Mythologisation • Mythopoeia • Sacralisation • Tawallā

Heresiography

Tabarrā

Timeline

Classical antiquity

Socrates holds dialogues

399 BCE, Athens, Greece
Socrates is executed by poison

c. 387 BCE, Athens, Greece
Plato founds the Academy

c. 387 - ? BCE, Athens, Greece
Plato conceives Theory of Ideas
Plato conceives Theory of Soul
Plato conceives Form of the Good
Plato conceives Allegory of the Cave
Plato conceives The Philosopher King
Plato conceives The Noble Lie

335 BCE, Athens, Greece
Aristotle founds the Lyceum

335 BCE - ?, Athens, Greece
Aristotle conceives formal logic

c. 27 CE, Jerusalem, Roman Judea (modern Occupied Palestine)
Jesus begins noocratic revolution

c. 30 CE, Jerusalem, Roman Judea (modern Occupied Palestine)
Jesus is demonised by Jewish ethnocratic propaganda
Jesus is executed by Roman timocratic crucifixion

Late antiquity

c. 245–270 CE, Rome, Roman Empire (modern Italy)
Plotinus conceives The One
Plotinus conceives Emanation by the One
Plotinus establishes Neoplatonism
Proclus popularises Platonism

Pseudo-Dionysius symbolises Neoplatonism

610 CE, Mecca, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia)
Muḥammad begins noocratic revolution

622 CE, Medina, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia)
Muḥammad establishes noocratic revolution

632 CE, Medina, First Islamic state (modern Saudi Arabia)
Muḥammad dies in suspicious circumstances
Abu Bakr restores clanocracy
Ali begins noocratic revolution

656 CE, Medina, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)
'Uthmān ibn 'Affān is assassinated by sword

656 CE, Medina, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)
ʿAlī establishes noocratic revolution

661 CE, Kufa, Rashidun Caliphate (modern Iraq)
ʿAlī is assassinated by kratocratic sword
Hasan ibn ʿAlī protects noocratic revolution
Hasan ibn ʿAlī is assassinated by poison
Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī begins noocratic revolution

680 CE, Karbala, Umayyad Caliphate (modern Iraq)
Husayn ibn ʿAlī is assassinated by clanocratic sword

732 CE, Medina, Umayyad Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq begins noocratic revolution

765 CE, Medina, Abbasid Caliphate (modern Saudi Arabia)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq is assassinated by clanocratic poison

Islamic Golden Age

c. 820 - 870 CE, Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate (modern Iraq)
al-Kindī

c. 940 – 1060 CE, Basra, Iraq
Brethren of Purity hold secret meetings

c. 950 CE, Damascus, Ikhshidid Syria (modern Syria)
al-Fārābī islamicises Neoplatonism

980 – 1037 CE, from Bukhara, Samanid Transoxiana (modern Uzbekistan) to Hamadan, Medieval Persia (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)
Ibn Sīnā conceives Proof of the Truthful

c. 1186 CE, Aleppo, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)
Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi conceives Illuminationism

c. 1191 CE, Aleppo, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)
Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi is executed by familiocratic violence

c. 1200–1240 CE, Mecca, Hejaz (modern Saudi Arabia) and Damascus, Ayyubid Syria (modern Syria)
Ibn ʿArabī conceives Unity of Existence

c. 1220 - 1270 CE, Maragha, Medieval Persia
Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī synthesises mysticism and science

Gunpowder Age

Mīr Dāmād conceives atemporal origination

Mulla Sadrā conceives Transcendent Theosophy

Oil Age

Muhammad Husayn Ṭabāṭabāʾī establishes intra-Qur’ānic exegesis

Morteza Motahhari co-founds the Combatant Clergy Association

Morteza Motahhari is assassinated by Iranian seculocratic gunfire

Ali Shariati writes Red Shi'sm vs. Black Shi'ism

Ali Shariati dies in suspicious circumstances

Information Age

c. 1940, Qom, Pahlavi Iran (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)
Ruhollah Khomeini begins noocratic revolution

1979, Tehran, Post-Pahlavi Iran (modern Islamic Republic of Iran)
Ruhollah Khomeini establishes noocratic revolution

c. 1979, Beqaa, Lebanon
Hassan Nasrallah begins noocratic revolution

1989, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Ruhollah Khomeini dies
Ali Khamenei protects noocratic revolution

2024, Dahieh, Lebanon
Hassan Nasrallah is assassinated by Jewish ethnocratic airstrike

2026, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Ali Khamenei is assassinated by American plutocratic & Jewish ethnocratic airstrikes

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